Fig 2: The correlation between peripheral neutrophil and monocyte to lymphocyte ratio (NMLR) and intratumoral CD16/CD8 ratio (iMLR) in the training (A) and validation cohorts (B). (C and D) Intratumoral CD16/CD8 ratio in the low and high NMLR subgroups in both cohorts. (E–H) Low CD16 with high CD8 was associated with both prolonged survival (E and G) and decreased recurrence (F and H). (I–L) The predictive ability of combined NMLR and iMLR was compared to other inflammatory/immune cell ratios and other established tumor prognostic variables by receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves.

Fig 3: Characterization of A20 expression in perivascular infiltrates in human post‐mortem MS brain tissue by IHC and IF. In the area of demyelination, A20 was found in perivascular infiltrates (C, C′), not expressing CD4 T helper (D‐G′), CD8+ T cytotoxic (H‐K′), or CD20 B lymphocytes markers (L‐O′). Conversely, A20 was expressed by a high number of CD68+ macrophages infiltrating the active demyelinated lesions in WM (P‐S′). The arrows indicate the colocalization between A20 and CD68 macrophage marker, while the arrowheads indicate the lack of A20 colocalization with cell‐specific markers (CD4, CD8 or CD20). Original confocal microscopy magnification: 40x. [Colour figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com]

Fig 4: High PD-1 expression in tissues of patients with HPC predicts a worse prognosis. A PD-1 is indicated by green fluorescence, and CD8 is indicated by red fluorescence. Scale: 80 µm. Shown at 100× original magnification. B Expression of PD-1 in tumor and paracancerous tissues (P < 0.001). C, D Kaplan–Meier survival curves were used to analyze the relationship between PD-1 expression and OS and DFS (P < 0.001, P = 0.0011)